Gratia Muyu completed her undergraduate, (Bachelors in Pharmacy) in 2004 and postgraduate studies (Masters in pharmacoepidemiology and pharmacovigilance) from the University of Nairobi 2020.
She did a Masters if science in public health from Jomo Kenyatta university of agriculture and technology in 2015. She is also a medium term fellow in quality management, graduated in September 2014, University of Nairobi.
She is currently a pharmacist working with Nairobi Metropolitan Services. She has a keen eye in pharmacovigilance and drug safety. Gratia is a member of the pharmaceutical society of Kenya (PSK) and International society for pharmacoepidemiology (ISPE)
Some of her top interests include: Leadership in global healthcare, Public health security and health promotion and Research work and pharmacovigilance of medicines and devices.
Papers in Reviewed Journals
East African Medical Journal Vol. 90 No. 12 December 2013 Out-Patient Prescribing Practices At Mbagathi Hospital-Nairobi County G. Muyu, C. Mbakaya, and Prof A.Makokha
Project Summary
ANTIMICROBIAL USE PATTERNS IN MBAGATHI HOSPITAL, NAIROBI-KENYA: A POINT PREVALENCE SURVEY
Background: Antimicrobials are indispensable in the practice of medicine. Their misuse is a great force behind the rapid growth of resistance, risk of serious drug reactions, poor treatment outcomes and waste of resources. Rational use of antimicrobials is pivotal in curbing increasing resistance.
Study objective: To establish antimicrobial use patterns in a Kenyan health care facility.
Methods: A Point Prevalence Survey was conducted in all wards. Universal sampling was employed. Patient demographics and clinical data were extracted from the patient files, treatment sheets, and laboratory reports. Raw data was entered into EPI info. Descriptive and linear regression data analysis was conducted.
Results: A total of 185 patient records were sampled, 146 (78.9%) received at least one antimicrobial. Overall, 363 antimicrobials were prescribed during admission. Each participant was prescribed two antimicrobials on average. The most important risk factors for number of antimicrobials used were HIV status, prior hospitalization, catheterization and nutritional status. Antibiotics formed the biggest proportion of antimicrobials prescribed in Mbagathi Hospital (n=294, 81%) followed by antivirals (n=48, 13%). Most prescribed antimicrobial was ceftriaxone at 46% while the commonest indication for antimicrobial use was pneumonia (33%). Culture and sensitivity tests were only ordered in (n=7, 3.8%) of the cases.
Conclusion: Prevalence of antimicrobial use was above the World Health Organization value of 30% or less. Ceftriaxone was used extensively. Empiric prescribing was rampant. The hospital medicines and therapeutics committee should set up an antimicrobial stewardship committee to ensure judicious use.
Key words: Antimicrobial, Antimicrobial resistance, Point prevalence survey
